The duration of a transatlantic journey between Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) and various London airports (primarily Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), and City (LCY)) is typically between seven and eight hours for nonstop flights. Factors influencing travel time include aircraft type, wind conditions, and specific routing. Connecting flights naturally add to the overall travel duration, sometimes significantly, depending on the layover location and duration.
Understanding flight duration is essential for travelers planning itineraries, booking accommodations, and managing ground transportation. Accurate estimations enable passengers to minimize travel-related stress and maximize their time at their destination. Historically, transatlantic flights took considerably longer; advancements in aviation technology have significantly reduced travel times, fostering greater international connectivity and enabling more efficient business and leisure travel.
This article will delve deeper into factors affecting transatlantic flight times, offer tips for selecting optimal flight schedules, and explore the impact of seasonal variations on travel duration. Further discussion will cover travel preparations, airport procedures at both Philadelphia and London airports, and resources for real-time flight tracking.
1. Nonstop Flight Duration
Nonstop flight duration represents a critical component in determining the overall travel time between Philadelphia and London. It constitutes the core segment of the journey, representing the actual time spent airborne between Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) and the chosen London airport (typically Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), or City (LCY)). For this specific route, nonstop flights generally range from seven to eight hours. This baseline duration is influenced by aircraft type, prevailing wind conditions, and the chosen flight path. For instance, a modern Boeing 777 might offer a slightly shorter flight time compared to an older Airbus A330, even under similar wind conditions. Understanding this baseline allows travelers to establish a foundational timeframe for their journey.
The significance of nonstop flight duration becomes particularly apparent when comparing it to journeys involving connecting flights. A nonstop flight eliminates layover times, which can add several hours to the total travel time, particularly for routes with extended layovers or multiple connections. Consider a scenario where a connecting flight through Dublin adds a three-hour layover to the itinerary; the overall travel time could easily extend to ten or eleven hours, considerably longer than the typical nonstop duration. This highlights the practical importance of factoring in nonstop flight duration as a primary consideration when planning transatlantic travel.
In summary, nonstop flight duration serves as the cornerstone for estimating travel time between Philadelphia and London. While factors like wind conditions and aircraft type can introduce minor variations, understanding the typical seven to eight-hour range empowers travelers to make informed decisions about flight selection and overall trip planning. This foundational knowledge enables more efficient scheduling, minimizing travel-related stress and maximizing time spent at the destination, whether for business or leisure.
2. Connecting Flight Durations
Connecting flight durations play a significant role in overall travel time between Philadelphia and London. While nonstop flights offer the most direct route, connecting flights often present a trade-off between cost savings and increased travel time. The total duration of a connecting flight itinerary comprises not only the time spent in the air for each leg but also the layover duration at the intermediate airport. This layover period, which can range from a short hour to an extended overnight stay, significantly impacts the overall length of the journey. For example, a connecting flight through Reykjavik with a two-hour layover could add at least four hours to the total travel time, including the additional flight segments, compared to a direct flight. Choosing connecting flights requires careful consideration of layover durations and their potential impact on the entire trip.
Several factors influence connecting flight durations. The chosen airline and specific route often dictate the location and length of layovers. Flights with multiple connections typically result in longer overall travel times due to accumulated layover periods and additional boarding and disembarking processes. Furthermore, unexpected delays during any leg of the journey can disrupt subsequent connections, potentially leading to extended layovers or missed flights. Travelers opting for connecting flights should account for these potential delays when planning itineraries and consider booking flights with ample layover time to mitigate the impact of unforeseen disruptions. Choosing an airport known for efficient connections can also minimize potential delays.
In summary, connecting flight durations represent a crucial element when calculating travel time between Philadelphia and London. Careful evaluation of layover times, the number of connections, and potential delays is essential for accurate travel planning. While connecting flights may offer cost advantages, travelers must weigh these benefits against the potential for extended travel times and associated disruptions. Understanding the impact of connecting flight durations allows travelers to make informed decisions based on their individual priorities and travel constraints, ultimately optimizing their travel experience.
3. Wind Conditions
Wind conditions represent a significant factor influencing transatlantic flight times between Philadelphia and London. The prevailing jet stream, a high-altitude air current flowing eastward across the Atlantic, plays a crucial role. Flights traveling eastward from Philadelphia to London can experience a significant tailwind, effectively reducing travel time. Conversely, westward flights from London to Philadelphia often face headwinds, increasing travel time. The strength and direction of these winds can vary considerably depending on the time of year and specific weather patterns. A strong tailwind might shorten a Philadelphia to London flight by as much as an hour, while a strong headwind could lengthen the return journey by a similar duration. This variability necessitates airlines and flight planning systems to continuously monitor and adjust flight paths for optimal fuel efficiency and adherence to schedules.
The impact of wind conditions extends beyond simply affecting flight times. Strong headwinds can increase fuel consumption, potentially impacting operational costs for airlines. In extreme cases, exceptionally strong headwinds can necessitate longer flight paths or even necessitate refueling stops, further impacting travel time. Flight planning systems utilize sophisticated meteorological data to predict wind patterns along proposed flight routes, optimizing for the most efficient path considering both time and fuel consumption. These predictions, while generally accurate, are subject to the inherent variability of weather systems. Consequently, real-time monitoring and adjustments during flight are crucial for maximizing efficiency and passenger comfort.
In summary, wind conditions represent a dynamic and influential element in determining flight durations between Philadelphia and London. Understanding the impact of the jet stream and prevailing wind patterns provides insights into the variability of transatlantic flight times. While flight planning systems strive to optimize routes for efficiency, the unpredictable nature of wind necessitates ongoing monitoring and adjustments. This dynamic interplay between wind conditions and flight operations underscores the complexity of long-haul air travel.
4. Aircraft Type
Aircraft type plays a crucial role in determining flight duration between Philadelphia and London. Different aircraft models possess varying performance characteristics, impacting speed, fuel efficiency, and consequently, travel time. Understanding these distinctions allows for more informed flight selection and a clearer expectation of journey length.
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Cruising Speed
Cruising speed, a key performance indicator, directly affects flight duration. Modern aircraft like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350 typically boast higher cruising speeds compared to older models such as the Boeing 767 or Airbus A330. This difference translates to a potentially shorter travel time, albeit often marginal, for flights utilizing newer, faster aircraft. Even a small difference in cruising speed can accumulate over a transatlantic journey, resulting in a noticeable variation in overall flight duration.
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Fuel Efficiency
Fuel efficiency indirectly influences flight time. More fuel-efficient aircraft, such as the Airbus A350-900 or Boeing 787-9, can potentially take more direct routes, reducing travel time compared to less efficient aircraft that may require refueling stops or less optimal flight paths. This factor becomes particularly relevant for long-haul flights where fuel consumption significantly impacts operational planning. The ability to fly a more direct route thanks to better fuel efficiency can contribute to a shorter overall journey.
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Aircraft Size and Range
Aircraft size and range can indirectly impact flight duration. Larger, long-range aircraft like the Airbus A380 or Boeing 777-300ER are generally deployed on high-demand routes. These aircraft, while not necessarily faster, often service nonstop routes, minimizing travel time compared to smaller aircraft with limited range that might require connecting flights and associated layovers. The choice between a direct flight on a larger aircraft and a connecting flight on a smaller one often involves a trade-off between travel time and cost.
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Aerodynamic Design
Advancements in aerodynamic design contribute to flight efficiency. Newer aircraft incorporate design features that minimize drag and optimize lift, potentially impacting cruising speed and fuel efficiency. While these improvements might not individually translate to dramatic reductions in flight time, the cumulative effect can contribute to a slightly shorter journey. The ongoing evolution of aircraft design emphasizes fuel efficiency and performance optimization, factors influencing long-haul flight durations.
In conclusion, aircraft type represents a significant factor affecting travel time between Philadelphia and London. While cruising speed represents a direct influence, factors like fuel efficiency, aircraft size, and aerodynamic design indirectly contribute to overall journey duration. Understanding these interrelationships allows for a more comprehensive assessment of flight options and contributes to more accurate travel planning.
5. Specific Routing
Specific routing significantly influences the duration of flights between Philadelphia and London. While the great-circle distance represents the shortest geographical path, actual flight paths often deviate due to a variety of factors, directly impacting overall travel time. Understanding these factors provides valuable context for interpreting flight schedules and potential variations in journey length.
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Air Traffic Control
Air traffic control plays a crucial role in dictating flight paths. To manage airspace safely and efficiently, air traffic controllers may direct aircraft along specified routes, potentially deviating from the most direct path. These deviations, while necessary for safety and traffic flow management, can add to the overall flight time. Congestion around major airports like London Heathrow can necessitate holding patterns, further impacting arrival times. Flexibility in routing is essential for accommodating real-time air traffic conditions.
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Weather Systems
Weather systems often necessitate route adjustments. Thunderstorms, heavy precipitation, or areas of turbulence require aircraft to navigate around these zones for passenger safety and comfort. These deviations from the ideal flight path can lengthen the journey. Airlines utilize sophisticated weather forecasting to anticipate and plan for such diversions, but unpredictable weather patterns can still necessitate real-time adjustments, impacting travel time. Monitoring weather conditions along the flight path is crucial for efficient and safe operations.
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Jet Stream Impact
The jet stream, a high-altitude wind current, significantly influences flight paths, particularly on transatlantic routes. Eastbound flights from Philadelphia to London often benefit from the jet stream, allowing for faster travel times by utilizing tailwinds. Conversely, westbound flights often contend with headwinds, increasing travel time. Flight planning considers the jet stream’s position and strength to optimize routes for fuel efficiency and minimize travel duration. Harnessing favorable jet stream conditions is a key factor in minimizing transatlantic flight times.
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Political Airspace Restrictions
Political airspace restrictions imposed by various countries can necessitate deviations from the most direct routes. Certain airspace may be closed due to geopolitical events or military exercises, requiring aircraft to navigate alternative paths. These deviations can add to the overall flight time. Airlines must adhere to these restrictions, impacting flight planning and potentially lengthening journeys. Real-time information on airspace restrictions is essential for efficient and compliant flight operations.
In summary, specific routing represents a complex interplay of factors that directly impact the duration of flights from Philadelphia to London. Air traffic control, weather systems, the jet stream, and political airspace considerations all contribute to deviations from the great-circle route, influencing overall travel time. Understanding these factors provides valuable insights into the dynamic nature of flight planning and the potential for variations in flight durations.
6. Airport Choices (PHL, LHR, LGW, LCY)
Airport selection significantly influences overall travel time between Philadelphia and London. While Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) serves as the primary departure point, London offers several arrival options: Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), and London City (LCY). Each airport’s distance from central London and associated ground transportation options contribute to the total journey duration. Choosing the most convenient airport requires careful consideration of these factors, aligning with individual travel needs and minimizing overall transit time.
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Heathrow (LHR)
Heathrow (LHR), London’s busiest airport, offers numerous flight connections and comprehensive facilities. However, its location approximately 15 miles west of central London necessitates longer ground transportation times compared to other airports. Travelers can utilize the Heathrow Express train, the London Underground’s Piccadilly Line, or taxi services, each with varying travel times and costs. While flight options to Heathrow are plentiful, factoring in ground transportation time is essential for accurate travel planning.
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Gatwick (LGW)
Gatwick (LGW), located approximately 25 miles south of central London, presents a trade-off. While potentially offering shorter flight times from Philadelphia, ground transportation to central London can take longer than from Heathrow due to the increased distance. The Gatwick Express train provides a dedicated rail link, while other options include National Rail services and taxi services. Evaluating both flight and ground transportation durations is essential when considering Gatwick as the arrival airport.
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London City (LCY)
London City Airport (LCY), situated closest to central London, offers the advantage of significantly reduced ground transportation times. Its proximity to the financial district makes it a convenient choice for business travelers. However, LCY primarily accommodates smaller aircraft, potentially limiting flight options from Philadelphia and often requiring connecting flights, which can increase overall travel time. Weighing the benefits of proximity against potential flight limitations is crucial when selecting London City Airport.
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Philadelphia International Airport (PHL)
Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) serves as the primary departure point for flights to London. Its efficient operations and multiple airline choices facilitate convenient transatlantic travel. However, travelers should consider potential transit time to PHL from their origin, especially those residing outside the immediate Philadelphia area. Factoring in pre-flight travel to PHL ensures a comprehensive understanding of total journey duration.
In conclusion, airport choices significantly impact the overall duration of travel between Philadelphia and London. Careful consideration of flight options, ground transportation accessibility, and each airport’s proximity to central London is essential. Selecting the appropriate arrival airport requires a holistic assessment of travel needs, optimizing for both flight duration and ground transportation convenience. This informed decision-making process contributes to a more efficient and less stressful travel experience.
7. Time of Year
Seasonal variations exert a notable influence on transatlantic flight durations between Philadelphia and London. These variations arise from several interconnected factors, impacting both air travel conditions and airport operations. Understanding these seasonal influences allows travelers to anticipate potential variations in flight times and plan accordingly for a smoother travel experience.
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Jet Stream Fluctuations
The position and strength of the jet stream, a high-altitude air current, fluctuate seasonally. During winter months, the jet stream typically intensifies and shifts southward, potentially creating stronger tailwinds for eastbound flights from Philadelphia to London, leading to shorter flight times. Conversely, westbound flights during winter may encounter stronger headwinds, increasing travel duration. In summer, the jet stream weakens and moves northward, generally resulting in less pronounced effects on flight times in either direction. Accounting for these seasonal variations in the jet stream can inform flight choices and manage expectations regarding travel duration.
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Weather Patterns
Prevailing weather patterns differ significantly across seasons. Winter often brings increased incidences of storms and adverse weather conditions over the North Atlantic, potentially causing flight delays or diversions, impacting travel time. Summer, while generally calmer, can experience periods of convective weather, also capable of disrupting flight schedules. These seasonal variations in weather patterns contribute to uncertainty in flight durations, necessitating flexibility in travel plans and emphasizing the importance of real-time flight tracking during potentially disruptive weather periods.
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Air Traffic Volume
Air traffic volume fluctuates seasonally, with peak periods typically coinciding with major holidays and school vacation times. Increased air traffic can lead to congestion at both departure and arrival airports, potentially causing delays in takeoffs and landings, indirectly impacting overall travel time. Philadelphia and London airports experience higher passenger volumes during summer months and holiday periods, increasing the likelihood of delays. Understanding these seasonal variations in air traffic volume assists travelers in anticipating potential delays and adjusting travel plans accordingly, opting for less congested travel periods or allocating extra time for potential disruptions.
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Daylight Hours
Seasonal variations in daylight hours can subtly influence flight scheduling and, consequently, travel time. Longer daylight hours during summer months offer more scheduling flexibility for airlines, potentially allowing for more direct flight options. Shorter daylight hours in winter might restrict scheduling options, indirectly impacting travel duration. While the impact of daylight hours is less pronounced than other seasonal factors, it nonetheless contributes to the overall context of transatlantic flight operations and scheduling practices.
In summary, seasonal factors exert a demonstrable influence on the duration of flights between Philadelphia and London. Fluctuations in the jet stream, prevailing weather patterns, air traffic volume, and daylight hours all contribute to variations in travel time. Recognizing these seasonal influences empowers travelers to anticipate potential delays, adjust travel plans accordingly, and manage expectations regarding flight durations, ultimately contributing to a more informed and adaptable travel experience.
8. Air Traffic Control
Air traffic control (ATC) plays a critical role in determining the actual duration of a flight from Philadelphia to London. While scheduled flight times provide an estimate, the real-time management of airspace by ATC directly influences the time an aircraft spends en route. ATC’s influence extends beyond routine flight operations to encompass unforeseen circumstances and emergencies, further impacting travel time.
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Managing Departure and Arrival Sequencing
ATC manages the sequencing of aircraft departures and arrivals at both Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) and the designated London airport (LHR, LGW, or LCY). Departure sequencing can influence taxi times and holding patterns before takeoff, affecting the initial phase of the flight. Upon arrival, ATC assigns landing slots and directs aircraft to appropriate gates, impacting the final stages of the journey. Delays in either departure or arrival sequencing, often due to traffic volume or weather conditions, directly contribute to increased overall travel time.
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Airspace Congestion Management
Transatlantic airspace experiences varying levels of congestion depending on the time of day and overall air traffic volume. ATC actively manages this congestion by assigning flight levels and directing aircraft along specific routes, ensuring safe separation between aircraft. In situations of high congestion, aircraft may be required to deviate from optimal flight paths or enter holding patterns, increasing flight time. The dynamic nature of airspace management requires ATC to constantly adjust flight paths, impacting travel duration.
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Weather-Related Rerouting
Unpredictable weather events, such as thunderstorms or areas of heavy turbulence, necessitate real-time adjustments to flight paths. ATC directs aircraft around these hazardous weather systems to ensure passenger safety, even if it means deviating from the most direct route. These deviations add to the overall flight time. The ability of ATC to respond effectively to changing weather conditions is crucial for minimizing weather-related delays and ensuring safe air travel.
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Emergency Handling and Airspace Control
In the event of an in-flight emergency, such as a mechanical issue or medical emergency, ATC plays a critical role in coordinating the safe landing of the affected aircraft. This may involve prioritizing the aircraft for landing, clearing airspace, and coordinating emergency services on the ground. While statistically rare, such emergencies can disrupt air traffic flow and indirectly impact the flight times of other aircraft in the vicinity, including those on the Philadelphia-London route.
In conclusion, air traffic control exerts a significant influence on the actual duration of flights between Philadelphia and London. From managing routine departure and arrival sequencing to handling complex weather events and emergencies, ATC’s decisions directly impact the time spent en route. Understanding the role of ATC provides valuable context for interpreting potential variations in flight times and underscores the dynamic nature of air travel operations.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding flight durations between Philadelphia and London, providing concise and informative responses.
Question 1: What is the typical nonstop flight duration between Philadelphia and London?
Nonstop flights generally range from seven to eight hours, subject to variations due to aircraft type, wind conditions, and specific routing.
Question 2: How do connecting flights affect overall travel time?
Connecting flights introduce layover periods, extending total travel time depending on the layover duration and the number of connections. Layovers can range from one hour to several hours, significantly impacting overall journey length.
Question 3: How do wind conditions influence flight times on this route?
Prevailing winds, particularly the jet stream, can significantly impact flight times. Eastbound flights often benefit from tailwinds, reducing travel time, while westbound flights may face headwinds, increasing duration.
Question 4: Which London airports serve flights from Philadelphia, and how does airport choice affect travel time?
Philadelphia offers flights to Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), and London City (LCY). Each airport’s distance from central London and available ground transportation options influence overall travel time. Heathrow, while offering numerous connections, requires longer ground transit, while London City, closest to the city center, may involve connecting flights, potentially increasing overall journey duration. Gatwick presents a balance between these considerations.
Question 5: How does the time of year impact flight duration?
Seasonal variations in the jet stream, weather patterns, and air traffic volume contribute to fluctuations in flight times. Winter often sees shorter eastbound flights due to stronger tailwinds but increased risks of weather-related delays. Summer typically experiences less pronounced wind effects but higher air traffic volume, potentially leading to delays.
Question 6: How does air traffic control influence the actual flight time?
Air traffic control manages airspace, impacting flight paths and departure/arrival sequencing. Congestion, weather conditions, and unforeseen events can necessitate rerouting or holding patterns, directly affecting flight duration.
Careful consideration of these factors allows for informed decision-making and realistic expectations regarding travel time between Philadelphia and London.
The following sections will provide detailed insights into travel preparations, airport procedures, and resources for real-time flight tracking.
Tips for Managing Flight Durations Between Philadelphia and London
Optimizing travel time requires careful planning and consideration of various factors. These tips provide practical guidance for managing flight durations between Philadelphia and London, minimizing travel-related stress and maximizing time at one’s destination.
Tip 1: Book Nonstop Flights When Feasible: Nonstop flights eliminate layover times, significantly reducing overall travel duration. While potentially more expensive, the time saved often justifies the cost, particularly for time-sensitive travel.
Tip 2: Carefully Evaluate Connecting Flight Options: If connecting flights are necessary, scrutinize layover durations and airport locations. Short layovers minimize overall travel time but increase the risk of missed connections due to potential delays. Longer layovers provide more buffer time but extend the total journey duration. Consider airport layouts and connection procedures when assessing layover options.
Tip 3: Consider Airport Proximity to Destination: London offers multiple airport options. London City Airport (LCY) provides the shortest ground transportation time to central London, while Gatwick (LGW) and Heathrow (LHR) require longer transit times. Selecting the appropriate airport depends on the final destination within London.
Tip 4: Utilize Flight Comparison Websites: Flight comparison websites offer comprehensive search capabilities, allowing travelers to compare flight options based on price, duration, and airline preferences. These resources enable informed decision-making, facilitating the selection of flights that best align with individual travel needs.
Tip 5: Account for Seasonal Variations: Flight durations can vary seasonally due to weather patterns and jet stream fluctuations. Winter months may offer shorter eastbound flights but present higher risks of weather-related delays. Summer months generally offer more stable flight schedules but potentially higher air traffic volume.
Tip 6: Check for Real-Time Flight Information: Real-time flight tracking tools and airline websites provide up-to-date information on flight statuses, potential delays, and gate information. Staying informed about potential disruptions allows for proactive adjustments to travel plans.
Tip 7: Pack Strategically for Long Flights: Strategic packing enhances comfort during long-haul flights. Essential items such as travel pillows, noise-canceling headphones, and entertainment options can improve the in-flight experience. Packing light minimizes baggage handling time at both departure and arrival airports.
Implementing these strategies enables informed decision-making and proactive management of travel time, minimizing potential disruptions and optimizing the overall travel experience.
The concluding section offers a final summary of key takeaways and recommendations for efficient travel between Philadelphia and London.
Conclusion
Flight duration between Philadelphia and London represents a multifaceted consideration encompassing more than just scheduled flight times. Factors such as aircraft type, wind conditions, specific routing dictated by air traffic control, and chosen airports (PHL, LHR, LGW, LCY) contribute significantly to the overall travel experience. Seasonal variations further influence flight times, necessitating careful planning and consideration of potential delays. Nonstop flights, while often preferred for minimizing travel time, may not always align with budgetary constraints, leading travelers to explore connecting flights, which introduce the complexities of layover durations and potential connection disruptions. Strategic planning, including careful airport selection considering ground transportation access, and utilization of real-time flight tracking resources empower travelers to manage expectations and mitigate potential disruptions.
Efficient travel between Philadelphia and London hinges on informed decision-making, leveraging available resources and understanding the dynamic factors influencing flight durations. Preparation, adaptability, and a comprehensive understanding of the elements impacting travel time contribute significantly to a smoother, more predictable, and ultimately more enjoyable transatlantic journey.
